Essay on Roosevelt and Hoover DBQ - 1428 Words

Roosevelt and Hoover DBQ The Great Depression quickly altered Americas view of liberalism and therefore, Roosevelt can be considered a liberal and Hoover a conservative, despite the fact that they did occasionally support very similar policies. The United States experienced political shifts during the Great Depression, which are described by Arthur Schlesinger’s analysis of eras in which public objectives were placed before personal concerns. It seems that the public view of what constitutes as liberal beliefs versus what is thought to be conservative beliefs shifts in a similar way. Laissez-faire ideas were considered liberal during the 1920s, but the coming of the Great Depression in 1929 altered the American view of liberalism.†¦show more content†¦The Second Industrial Revolution was ushered in with the invention of the production line. This made it possible for businessmen, such as Henry Ford, to prosper. Automobiles and a variety of other useful electrical appliances became accessible to the masses. The United States had become more success and this instilled a new confidence in the American people, which caused people to support the liberal policies of the 1920s. Hoover was beginning to demonstrate conservative beliefs even before the onset of the Great Depression. Document A shows Hoover’s wish to avoid being thought of as a complete supporter of laissez-faire ideas. He appeared irresolute when it came to preserving the capitalistic society of the 1920s. During this time, society was managed by corrupt political bosses, such as Tweed. The American economy had flourished under the private interest policies of Harding and Coolidge, which forced Hoover to promise the American people that he would not abandon the laissez-faire economics, which had been so successful during past presidencies. Hoover was sure, however, that working class Americans would not be opposed to restricting unfair business practices. Documents B an d C depict Hoover’s lack of support for private interest or public purpose policies. In these documents, Hoover stresses the significance of individual interestsShow MoreRelatedEssay on APUSH DBQ- Hoover vs. Roosevelt774 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿DBQ #3 President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the thirty-second president of the United States, was a central figure for the United States in the 20th Century. While leading his country out of The Great Depression, he also led the nation through World War II. Herbert Hoover, the thirty-first President, led the country during the Great Depression and his policies enforced at that time eventually led to his downfall because of their inability to end the downward economic spiral. Both of these PresidentsRead MoreSummary : Great Depression 1445 Words   |  6 PagesPhillip Durgin March 10th, 2016 G Block History Great Depression DBQ As â€Å"prosperity s decade† came to a symbolically harsh and sudden end on Thursday, October 24, 1929, the United States government, led by President Herbert Hoover, was thrown into the unknown. No such downturn had ever presented itself before, which compounded itself with the lack of economic understanding present at the time. Yet it had seemed that the economy was healthy before the crash. Employment was high and inflation wasRead MoreThe New Deal: DBQ1337 Words   |  6 PagesDBQ In 1929, the United States Stock Market crashed, heralding the tumble into world-wide depression. President Hoover tried to pacify the people by telling them it was temporary and would pass over. But a new figure rose out of the people, promising he would do anything and everything he could to restore their lives. In 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected to the presidency, and his new policies would soon sweep over the country. Roosevelts responses to the problems of the Great DepressionRead MoreApush Dbqs Essay2248 Words   |  9 Pages2011 DBQ: (Form A) 1. Analyze the international and domestic challenges the United States faced between 1968 and 1974, and evaluate how President Richard Nixon’s administration responded to them. (Form B) 1. Explain the ways that participation in political campaigns and elections in the United States changed between 1815 and 1840, and analyze forces and events that led to these changes. 2010 DBQ: (Form A) 1. In what ways did ideas and values held by Puritans influence the political

The Medical Model Mental Illness - 1307 Words

The book January First is about a father describing his life with his family and his daughter who has schizophrenia. Her disability is confirmed as the mental illness schizophrenia after the age of 6 years old. The medical model is most used in the case of January and her diagnosis. From a young age, her parents are trying so hard to find out what is going on in her mind. She had seen multiple doctors, psychologists, psychiatrists and had been institutionalized in mental hospital multiple times. No doctor could â€Å"fix† her like the medical model suggests. The medical model left the family feeling isolated, judged and segregated from other families with children Janni’s age. When Janni entered school, she was still violent and had trouble fitting in with other students. Her identity quickly became her disability. She was treated differently, and people only saw Janni for her diagnosed disability – schizophrenia. Janni liked one-to-one attention, but her classro om did not have enough professionals to give that to accommodate for her learning style. The family had been through multiple IEP’s with Janni, and finally one day the school said they could not handle her. She had been receiving public education regardless of her disability, but it didn’t seem to be â€Å"appropriate† for her learning type. Her parents had felt it would be beneficial for Janni to be in school because she could not be handled at home either, their hope was that she would adapt to school and it would goShow MoreRelatedThe Mental Health Treatment Of Australia1571 Words   |  7 PagesIn the Mental Health treatment we can distinguish two different approaches to patient treatment, this is known as models of treatment, firstly we have a medical model, and secondary we a using person recovery model. To understanding of recovery in Australia, we have to acknowledge that is heavily influenced by recovery research and literature from the USA, Canada and New Zealand It is suggested that the term â€Å"recovery† has been adopted in Australia from the late 1980s (Lakeman, 2004, p.212; McGrathRead MoreThe Psychology Of Mental Illness1177 Words   |  5 PagesWhen it comes to mental illness, I have the point of view of someone who is training to be a health care professional. During my past clinical experience as a nursing student at the Alberta Hospital Edmonton, I was immersed in an environment filled with individuals who were acutely mentally ill, and two of these individuals were my patients. While â€Å"The Sociology of Mental Illness† is an excellent source of information about mental illness in the context of sociology, based on my experience at AlbertaRead MoreComparison with Community Psychology and Public Health1055 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The American Heritage Medical dictionary (Website one, 2007) defines community psychology (CP) as â€Å"the application of psychology to community programs for the prevention of mental health disorders and the promotion of mental health.† Public health (PH) on the other hand is defined as â€Å"the science and practice of protecting and improving the health of a community as by preventative medicine; health education; control of communicable diseases; application of sanitary measures and monitoringRead MoreComparison with Community Psychology and Public Health1049 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The American Heritage Medical dictionary (Website one, 2007) defines community psychology (CP) as â€Å"the application of psychology to community programs for the prevention of mental health disorders and the promotion of mental health.† Public health (PH) on the other hand is defined as â€Å"the science and practice of protecting and improving the health of a community as by preventative medicine; health education; control of communicable diseases; application of sanitary measures and monitoringRead MoreThe Strengths and Limitations of the Biological Model of Abnormality529 Words   |  3 PagesThe Strengths and Limitations of the Biological Model of Abnormality This model uses physical illness as a model for psychological disorder, suggesting that like physical illness, mental illness has an underlying bodily cause. It proposes that genetic, organic or chemical disorders cause metal illnesses which give rise to behavioural and psychological problems. Thus, abnormalityRead MoreThe Sociological Perspective On Medical Conditions1687 Words   |  7 Pagesperspective is used to explain various medical conditions. This can include, but is not limited to using an individual’s body and pathogens to explain poor health. On a different note, the sociological perspective takes on a different approach to explain medical conditions. The sociological perspective focuses on the external influences, rather than then internal influences, such as the social environment, institutions, and relationships to assess and explain illness. The sociological perspective containsRead MoreAnalysis Of Health Of Health And Wellness Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Views Health is defined by Straub as, â€Å" a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. It involves physical as well as psychological and social well- being† (2012). The well being of an individual also includes social conditions, biological factors, and personality traits (Straub, 2012). Both health and wellness is highly looked over by individuals, this is until they understand how an illness destroys their body. However, to understand the views individuals have towardsRead MoreBiomedical And Social Model Of Health1712 Words   |  7 Pageswill focus on the biomedical and social model of health. It will be critically discussing both models using supporting theories and highlighting the limitations of each. This essay will also discuss and analyse how both models relate to lay perspectives on health and illness. What is health and illness? In order to analyse and critically discuss the two models that are biomedical and social we first have to understand the concept and terms of health and illness. (WHO, 1948) describes health as ‘aRead More The Social Model of Mental Illness Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesThe Social Model of Mental Illness The social model of mental illness emphasizes the social environment and the roles people play. Thomas Scheff maintains that people diagnosed as mentally ill are victims of the status quo, guilty of often unnamed violations of social norms; thus the label mental illness can be used as an instrument of social control. I agree with Scheffs analysis, and I strongly concur with the view Thomas Szasz takes on the notion of mental illness. Szasz argues that muchRead MoreAnalysis Of One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest 1734 Words   |  7 Pageswhich our modern healthcare system has improved and grown in the last five decades. This includes the following areas of healthcare: the need for a healthcare reform, the lack of healthy doctor-patient relationships, and the murky definition of mental illness. Healthcare Reform Throughout history there has been a veil of mystery surrounding what truly goes on inside of asylums. This idea is illustrated clearly in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest on multiple occasions. One example can be seen when

Automatic temp control fan free essay sample

The schematic of an automatic cooler fan for audio amplifiers is given here. The circuit automatically switch ON the cooler fan whenever the temperature of the heat sink exceeds a preset level. This circuit will save a lot of energy because the cooler fan will be OFF when the amplifier is running on low volume. At low volume less heat will be dissipated and it will not trigger the cooler fan ON. The temperature is sensed using an NTC (negative temperature coefficient) thermistor R2. Junction of thermistor r2 and resistor R1 is connected to the inverting input (pin3) of IC1 which is wired as a comparator. The non-inverting input (pin2) is given with a reference voltage using the preset R3. As temperature increases the resistance of NTC thermistor will drop and so do the voltage across it. When the voltage at the inverting input becomes less than that of the reference voltage (set for a particular threshold temperature) the output of the comparator goes high and switches the transistor Q1 ON. We will write a custom essay sample on Automatic temp control fan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This will activate the relay and the cooler fan will be switched ON. When the temperature decreases the reverse happens. LED D2 will glow when the fan is ON. Diode D1 is a freewheeling diode. Components Required 1. Temperature Sensor LM35 2. Op-Amp IC (LM324/741) 3. Motor Driver IC L293D 4. Potentiometer-10k 5. DC Toy motor 6. Propeller 7. 7805 Voltage Regulator 8. 100uF Capacitor 9.Multi-meter (Digital one is Preferred) 10.A Breadboard Description Basically the circuit switches ON a toy motor fan connected to the motor driver whenever heat is applied to the temperature sensor unit using say a burning matchstick. The wind from the motor fan would blow off the matchstick and switches OFF itself automatically. Here the Temperature is the output to be controlled. A feedback is generated using the sensor which is fed into comparator which acts as a controller here. And the power is the input. The Temperature sensor LM35 is very accurate whose output is directly proportional to its surrounding temperature. For every 1Â °C of rise/fall in temperature, the output voltage of the sensor varies by 10mV.

Teenagers In The United States Are Experimenting With Sexual Activitie Essay Example For Students

Teenagers In The United States Are Experimenting With Sexual Activitie Essay s more and more today than ever before. According to Charles Krauthammer, Sex oozes from every pore of the culture and theres not a kid in the world who can avoid it. (Meier, 1994, p. 7). Teenagers are surrounded by some sort of sexual connotations all the time. Whether it is television, radio, school, or even the Internet, teenagers are hearing the affects of sex on our society. The price that teenagers pay for being sexually active greatly outweighs any advantages. The period of puberty occurs somewhere between the ages of 10 and 14 for most but can vary for different people. Heredity, health problems, and emotional and physical stress can cause these variations. Teens begin to experiment with the opposite sex by hugging, kissing and other forms of sexual expression. We will write a custom essay on Teenagers In The United States Are Experimenting With Sexual Activitie specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now People are capable of creating babies as soon as puberty begins. Teens also watch more television and listen to more music developing their own unique personalities. According to one study, about 65,000 sexual acts or comments on prime-time television occur every year (Meier, 1994, p. 9). In the movies or on television, the actors and actresses make sex look easy, fun and glamorous. It appears to be something everyone is doing. On television shows like Dawsons Creek, sex is usually the major topic of the entire show. Whether it is guys and girls, guys and guys, girls and girls, or multiple persons of each sex, the sex act itself is a major conflict. Movies, such as Cruel Intentions, portray sex as a game. The main characters are placing bets on each other that one of them will have sex with some girl who is against the idea of premarital sex. That movie is rated R, but little kids were in there with their parents. Those types of movies are not meant for a young audience. Now those kids might end up having sex when they become teenagers. Those same teenagers might often be the ones that get pregnant. Teenage pregnancy happens so often that people hardly even recognize it anymore as a negative affect on our society. Experts estimate that the combination of lost tax revenues and increased spending on public assistance, child health care, foster care and the criminal justice system totals about $7 billion annually for births in teens. Despite a 20-year low in the teen pregnancy rate and an impressive decline in the teen birth rate, the United States still has the highest teen pregnancy rate of any industrialized country (Casey Foundation, 1996). Thats not saying a whole lot for our nation. In Kids Having Kids: A Robin Hood Foundation Special Report on the Costs of Adolescent Childbearing, researchers note, During her first 12 years of parenthood, the average adolescent mother receives income and food stamps valued at just over $17,000 annually.. . Recent declines in pregnancy and birth rates, however, are encouraging. The rates keep dropping and are showing no signs of increase, yet. The rate of pregnancies has dropped from a peak of 117 for every 1,000 young women ages 15 to 19 in 1990, to 101 in 1995. That 14 percent drop brought the rate to its lowest level since 1975 (Casey Foundation, 1996). Rather than deal with a pregnancy after the fact, more teenagers seem to be trying to prevent pregnancies. Teenagers are learning to better use contraceptives and are using them more frequently than before. Some teenagers are aware of the contraceptives available, but they just choose not to use them. Others may find it difficult and embarrassing to talk to their partners about birth control or contraceptives. Contraceptives such as the condom, Depo-Provera, diaphragm, IUD (intrauterine device), and the pill are effective more than 80% of the time. Some of those, more than 90%. Nine in 10 sexually active women and their partners use a contraceptive method, although not always consistently or correctly. About one in six teenage women practicing contraception combine two methods, primarily the condom with another method (Guttmacher, 1998). The only method effective 100% of the time is abstinence, which means not having sex at all. Although there are contraceptives, they only work so much percent of the time. The other percent of the time, they will fail and lead to a traumatic downfall for anyone involved. Many consequences are contributed to having sex as a teenager, and even as an adult. Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are gaining more and more publicity. Every year 3 million teens-about 1 in 4 sexually experienced teens-acquire an STD (Guttmacher, 1998). The more common sexually transmitted diseases include HIV (caused by the AIDS virus), herpes, gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis and genital warts. Teens have higher rates of contracting gonorrhea than do sexually active men and women aged 20 to 44. Chlamydia is more common among teens than among older men and women; in some settings, 10-29% of sexually active teenage women and 10% of teenage men tested for STDs have been found to have chlamydia (Guttmacher, 1998). Along with the physical status of a sexually active teen, the emotional status can also be depleted. The emotional problems a teenager will feel after becoming sexually active can be overwhelming. Sometimes the stress from friends and family members becomes too much for a teenager to bear. This can often lead to suicide or beating of themselves to kill the baby and make it look like an accident. When a teenager first learns she is pregnant, she often will not tell anyone-not even the babys father-about her predicament (Meier, 1994, p. 21). Holding a secret that immense inside you causes great stress and emotional upset. The teenager may have intense feelings of fear, confusion and depression. In that case, it is a good idea for the girl to get help by talking to a counselor at school or a health clinic. Sooner or later, the pregnant teenager will have to face reality and make some tough choices. .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b , .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b .postImageUrl , .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b , .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b:hover , .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b:visited , .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b:active { border:0!important; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b:active , .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf49251aebbb8caad1fd766c68c70b29b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What Psychology is to Me Essay She will first have to decide whether or not to have the baby. If she chooses to have the baby, she will have to decide whether to keep it herself or give it up for adoption. Pregnancy itself is usually a very uncomfortable situation. During the first few months, the pregnant woman will undergo many changes. Morning sickness, tiredness and sudden mood swings are just a few of these changes. Teenagers will most likely not want to go to school feeling like that. After a few months of skipping school and receiving poor grades, the student is most likely to drop out altogether. Every year, about 40,000 teenage girls drop out of high school because they are pregnant (Meier, 1994, p. 24). Many never go back. Young males who become fathers before the age of 20 often do not finish high school, making it more difficult to find a good job. The average woman who becomes a mother before the age of 18 earns about half as much money as the woman who has children at an older age, or has no child at all. One out of every three teenage mothers turns to welfare to make ends meet (Meier, 1994, p. 24). Because of those mothers, anyone with a job must pay the taxes to keep them on welfare instead of out on the streets. Jobs are too scarce for people with no experience in certain fields of work. Thirty or 40 years ago, it was fairly easy for young people to make lives for themselves after the pregnancy. But the American economy and kinds of jobs have changed. Now a high school graduate will qualify for only lowest paying jobs (Meier, 1994, p. 71). As a result of all these teenagers looking for jobs, the unemployment rates have gone down, and the employment rates have risen. However, teenagers who get the jobs are more likely going to be working at minimum wage, which can cause unemployment. According to the supply and demand curve of economics, higher wages increase the number of workers willing to work but decrease the number of workers employers will hire (Dallas Headquarters, 1997). Teenage parents or just plain teenagers find it difficult to work for minimum wage, and even more difficult to find an employer who will hire them. Some teenagers feel the need to turn to abortion as a way of solving their problems. I personally feel that abortion should not be accepted in any case other than rape, but thats not what this paper is about. About 23 states have passed anti-PBA (partial birth abortions) laws as of August of 1998 (Robinson, 1999). Illinois is among those 23. In some states, the legal age to have an abortion with no authorization is 17. That is too young to be deciding the life (or death) of an innocent human being. Another major concern for teenagers having sex is that some people feel that the teenager should have the right to choose what to do with their own bodies. They, as people of the United States, are loyal abiders of the Constitution as well as adults. The Constitution states that we have the freedoms of speech, religion, the press and assembly. Freedom of choice is in there, too. Teenagers might listen to the advice of adults and peers, but they have to be able to make their own decisions. If teens want to go out and have sex, then so be it. Nobody can really stop them. Sure, parents can lock them in their rooms or something worse, but a crafty teen will almost always find a way out. After a punishment like that, a teenager will often just run away from home. That is another issue. Teenagers sometimes are not the best at making their own decisions, especially when it comes to sex. Teenagers often worry that if they get married, then they can have sex all they want without any complaints. In Japan, the legal age to be married without a parents authorization is over 18 in males and over 16 in females (Kasumigaseki, 1997). It is probably not much different in the United States. Teenagers think that by getting married, it will reduce the stress and pressures from having sex as opposed to not being married. Some teenagers already have it squared away in their heads that they are going to wait until they are married to have sex. Some of those just cannot seem to wait. A lot of pressures go along with having sex; pressure from peers, classmates, people outside of the school setting. Around school, sex is usually a major topic of conversation. Students around are talking about how great sex is and how often they do it. Those same students are usually the ones who do not worry about protection. Teenagers find it to be some sort of competition nowadays to see who can have the most sex before they graduate. Boys often find that they are being pushed to prove themselves by scoring (Meier, 1994, p. 9). None of them think of the consequences. Some of them even end up getting pregnant. Some teenagers believe that if they have sex a lot, they will not get pregnant. Others believe that you cannot get pregnant in a hot tub, girls cannot get pregnant during their period, and that you cannot get pregnant the first time they have sex. Some even believe that if birth control is taken right before intercourse, it will prevent a pregnancy. Those are all myths. Getting pregnant is easier than anybody would think. In fact, one out of every 20 girls becomes pregnant the first time having sex. Another statistic is that one out of every 5 becomes pregnant during the first month of sexual activity (Meier, 1994, p. 12). .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c , .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c .postImageUrl , .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c , .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c:hover , .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c:visited , .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c:active { border:0!important; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c:active , .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u07e2fbc7ed552f3f4f9230c0f1fb389c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hoping for a Second Chance Essay There are positive influences out there offering advice and assistance to those teens in need. Parents, teachers and religious leaders tell teenagers that sex should be saved for marriage. Young people are caught between two sets of messages: one says, Go! and the other says, Stop! Most teens are too embarrassed to talk to their parents about sex, and many schools provide little or no sex education. Teenagers often rely on their friends for information, which is not always accurate. There are many teens that make a definite choice not to have sex until they are older because of religious beliefs or other reasons. Some realize that problems could get in the way of their plans for the future. Still, others worry about diseases (Meier, 1994, p. 10). Some pressures come from other sources and not just their peers. When a young person becomes involved with a boyfriend or girlfriend, the couple may have to deal with the pressures directly. One might pressure the other to have sex. This can often lead to break-ups causing more emotional problems. A girl is more likely to think of sex as something romantic but, however, have sex with boys with whom they have no real relationship (Meier, 1994, p. 10). Couples who have sex 12 times run a 50 percent chance of starting a pregnancy (Meier, 1994, p. 12). Teenagers should think of the consequences and read over the statistics before jumping into anything. Alcohol or drugs also play a major role in the sexual activity of teenagers. Sometimes, alcohol and drugs play a part in the teenagers decision to have sex. A person who is drinking alcohol or using drugs is less likely to be cautious and responsible about their behavior (Meier, 1994, p. 10). Teens will often go to parties and get so smashed that they have no control over what they are doing. Some of them go back to school and brag about what happened at that party or gossip about what happened to someone else. That is where some people earn their reputation as sluts or whores. I do not know about you, but that is what I want people to remember me by when I graduate. Often, those same people are the ones not doing well in school, especially if they come from poor families. They may have few goals or little hope that things will get any better. Some teenagers think that if they are drunk, they cannot get pregnant. That is yet another myth. Unless something is physically wrong, a boy and girl run the risk of beginning a pregnancy every time they have sex (Meier, 1994, p. 12). Many services deal with issues about teenage pregnancy directly. Unlike many European countries, however, the United States does not have a nationwide program to deal with teen pregnancy. In 1978, President Jimmy Carters administration sponsored the Adolescent Health Services and Pregnancy Prevention and Care Act, which helped provide a variety of services for pregnant and parenting teens. Three years later, President Ronald Reagan eliminated this program and replaced it with the Adolescent Family Life Act, which focused on abstinence programs that encourage teens not to have sex (Meier, 1994, p. 77). With a little variety of social services and very little correct information from peers, some people say that children should get information about sex from their parents and only their parents. Studies show that teenagers who can talk to their parents about a lot of topics, including sex, are less likely to become sexually active at an early age (Meier, 1994, p. 79). Adults believe that children learn all they need to know about life in school and that if their children are not asking questions, then they are not thinking about it. Some parents think that if their son or daughter has a question or problem pertaining to sex, they will go directly to their parents. Some teens think that their peers know more about it than their parents, so they turn to them. Other parents think that if their son or daughter is getting into trouble, they would know about it. Teenagers will, however, keep lots of information from their parents that could possibly get them in trouble. Parents often assume that their kids do not want to listen to their parents advice, when really they do. Some will not admit it, but most would like them to help out.The price that teenagers pay for being sexually active greatly outweighs any advantages. Teenage pregnancy, STDs, and emotional and physical problems are just a few examples of the disadvantages of having sex as a teenager. Teenagers pay a great price for being sexually active. The risks are just too great for getting pregnant and contracting an STD. There are more important things in life to worry about than things a person has control over. Another disadvantage, and this is mainly a disadvantage to anyone working and paying taxes, is that society must pay for the children of teenage parents. The taxes are used to pay for welfare and housing for these children. Teenagers often fail to comply with any rules stating that they cannot do something. These rules regarding teenage sex need to be more strict and re-enforced. A lot of parents need to get their own acts together before they start telling their children how and what to do. The parents are the ones we are arguing with here. They are not doing the job that society has handed them. We, as citizens of the same country, need to better the lives of our own kind.

Hydrogen Bond Examples in Chemistry

Hydrogen Bond Examples in Chemistry Hydrogen bonds occur when a hydrogen atom undergoes dipole-dipole attraction to an electronegative atom. Usually, hydrogen bonds occur between hydrogen and fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. Sometimes the bonding is intramolecular, or between atoms of a molecule, rather than between atoms of separate molecules (intermolecular).   Examples of Hydrogen Bonds Here is a list of molecules that exhibit hydrogen bonding: water  (H2O): Water is  an excellent example of hydrogen bonding. The bond is between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen atoms of another water molecule, not between the two hydrogen atoms (a common misconception). How this works is that the polar nature of the water molecule means each hydrogen atom experiences attraction to both the oxygen its bound to and to the non-hydrogen side of the oxygen atoms of other water molecules. Hydrogen bonding in water results in the crystal structure of ice, making it less dense than water and able to float.chloroform  (CHCl3): Hydrogen bonding occurs between hydrogen of one molecule  and carbon of another molecule.ammonia (NH3): Hydrogen bonds form between hydrogen of one molecule and nitrogen of another. In the case of ammonia, the bond that forms is very weak because each nitrogen has one lone electron pair. This type of hydrogen bonding with nitrogen also occurs in methylamine.acetylacetone  (C5H8O2): Intramolecular   hydrogen bonding occurs between hydrogen and oxygen. DNA:  Hydrogen bonds form between base pairs. This gives DNA its double helix shape and makes replication of the strands possible, as they unzip along the hydrogen bonds.nylon:  Hydrogen bonds are found between the repeating units of the polymer.hydrofluoric acid (HF): Hydrofluoric acid forms what is called a symmetric hydrogen bond, which is stronger than the regular hydrogen bond. This type of bond also forms in formic acid.proteins:  Hydrogen bonds result in protein folding, which helps the molecule maintain stability and assume a functional configuration.polymers:  Polymers that contain carbonyl or amide groups can form hydrogen bonds. Examples include urea and polyurethane and the natural polymer cellulose. Hydrogen bonding in these molecules increases their tensile strength and melting point.alcohol:  Ethanol  and other alcohols contain hydrogen bonds between hydrogen and oxygen.

Analyse Vitai Lampada Essay Example

Analyse Vitai Lampada Essay Example Analyse Vitai Lampada Paper Analyse Vitai Lampada Paper Essay Topic: poem In my view, Vitai Lampada is a poem of strength and power. It illustrates war through the use of the imagery of soldiers playing games . The patriotic references appear to be out of place with the historical context of that time. The author, Henry Newbolt, writes about war in this way, so that he can get his view of war across in a more defined manner. The poem has a positive air about it and is written with a fast tempo and quick rhythm, using a lot of rhymes and anaphoric phrasing. Newbolt uses short lines with very few syllables per line. The poem shows the writer to be very exact in his choice of words. We learn for example that the participants of the war are patriotic soldiers. Finally, he also uses very precise poetic techniques using grammar to control the pace. Newbolt shows war as almost a game. He does this by using certain phrases, especially Play up! Play up! Play the game! Games are used as a metaphor of what war can do and the impact of war, which he likens to a game of cricket. He illustrates this very clearly in the first paragraph. This is a very good device used in the poem Newbolts first paragraph, portrays a game of cricket and introduces us to this idea of playing the game. Also, this first paragraph introduces the player, who is to be the deciding batter on who wins or loses the game, and does everything for his captain. We know this because in the poem it says But his Captains hand on his shoulder smote, in reference to why the batter would give the game his best effort for his captain. This paves the way for the soldiers during the war to fight and be brave for their commanding officer. The tone of Newbolts poem contrasts greatly with many poems written about the First World War. He has a more traditionalist view like that of poets who have written about previous wars as for example the poet Tennyson in his poem The Charge of the Light Brigade. Despite all the bloodshed and the death, which are illustrated in metaphoric lines like The river of death has brimmed his banks, and The sand of the desert is sodden red Newbolt still gives war the feeling of it being a game, and of there being hope, by ending with the phrase But the voice of a schoolboy rallies the ranks: Play up! Play up! Play the game! The tone and voice of the poems is very strong and powerful and intended to beat to rhythm and pace. The lines Play up exemplify this! Play up! Play the game! These are short sharp lines with seven, eight or nine syllables per line and short words, e. g. An hour to play and the last man in, and the rhyming in the poem, eg. The sand of the desert is sodden red The Gatlings jammed and the captains dead. However, despite the fast pace, he also slows the pace before significant lines such as Play up! Play up! Play the game! by adding in colons and hyphens. Lastly, Newbolt emphasizes the patriotic fervour of the soldiers by his word use, e. g. This they all with a joyful mind, Bear through it like a torch in flame, joyful adds to the game idea and a torch of flame signifies power, strength might etc as it was commonly used in medieval battles and has been recreated especially well in the Lord of the Rings trilogy with the armies battling at night. The patriotism is emphasized by the phrases referring to her meaning England. It is also emphasized by the story-like nature of the poem. It has a beginning in which it introduces the idea of the game, a middle in which he describes the battle and incorporates the idea of a game and an end, which talks about the battle being recalled and the soldiers being heroes. It is especially the last paragraph that confirms the feeling of patriotism and commitment to the war effort. To conclude my analysis of Newbolts poem Vitai Lampada I can say that the poem, in my opinion, is a very strong, quick and powerful poem, mainly due to the rhythm and poetic techniques, and it is also a patriotic poem which illustrates the nature of war as likened on to a game.

Evaluation of Corporate Social Responsibility and the Risks of being Dissertation

Evaluation of Corporate Social Responsibility and the Risks of being non-CSR Entity - Dissertation Example This research will begin with the statement that the expansive literature on the topic of CSR comprises various definitions and explanations of the construct. For instance, the European Commission defines the concept of corporate governance as â€Å"A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with stakeholders on a voluntary basis.† In addition to that, a generally understood and applied definition in the management literature is expounded by Davis by defining CSR as â€Å" the firm’s considerations of, and response to, issues beyond the narrow economic, technical, and legal requirements of the firm to accomplish social and environmental benefits along with the traditional economic gains which the firm seeks.† Moreover, there are other terms similar to the construct of the CSR including â€Å"corporate sustainability†, which focuses on long-run shareholder value by including principles particularly in nine other areas: governance, ethics, transparency, financial return, business relationships, community involvement, employment practices, environmental protection and product value. As a result, the activities attached with the concept of corporate sustainability remain largely analogous to the basic contents of the CSR. The CSR is an amalgamation of a number of corporate activities focusing on the welfare of stakeholder groups other than investors, such as suppliers, employees, charitable and community organizations and customers. One significant segment of CSR activities consists of corporate donations or contributions of products or cash to community and charitable organizations. For instance, Whirlpool Corporation (2010) arranged and donated a refrigerator to every home built by the Habitat for Humanity particularly in the affected areas of North America. Moreover, employees are also significant stakeholders for the companies. Companies carry out cert ain employee welfare related initiatives on a voluntary basis. Employee welfare includes initiatives from the facility of educational advantages to health care issues including providing them on site health clinics, wellness classes, fitness centres focusing on the issues such as work related stress management. Workplace safety has also become a critically significant factor of employee welfare; many companies have developed and established codes of conduct for employee safety and welfare and to their suppliers as well. Companies’ CSR activities also emphasis on meeting and fulfilling customer desires including protecting future generations. They intend to develop and sell such innovative products and services that appeal to customers’ environmental concerns via diminishing harmful product packaging and making it more durable and sustainable as well. Other CSR activities encompass â€Å"green† development and production practices and services, such as reducing e missions, conserving energy, reducing packaging materials, employing recycled materials, and sourcing materials from the suppliers located close to manufacturing installations. In this regard, Sony (2010) manages the harmful impacts of its greenhouse gas emissions by installing for carbon dioxide emissions from shipping, production, storage and other product use activities. Furthermore, companies often get involved with customers and vendors in their efforts to reduce their footprint and increase their environmental efforts. In this regard, Wal-Mart (2006) developed and announced a program measuring suppliers on their ability to diminish packing; and along with a goal of reducing up to 5 percent of total packing during the period 2008 to 2013. Why do firms involve in CSR activities? There remain various reasons underlying organization’s inclinations to get involved in socially responsible endeavours. First, organizations may prefer to remain

Prison life and strategies to decrease recidivism Essay

Prison life and strategies to decrease recidivism - Essay Example With these facts in mind, this research seeks, among other things, to further look into the daily happenings at a typical American prison. And more importantly, it also seeks to address the need to prevent recidivism and to reintegrate offenders into society. In his book â€Å"Crime and Punishment in America† (1998), Elliott Currie tells us that the American approach to violent crime is out of balance and just plain wrong. Despite America’s heavy reliance on jails and prisons as deterrents to crime, at that point in time, it still held the worst level for violence among the developed countries. The idea of America being soft on crime, he says, is a myth. Whatever some may argue, the fact is that crime’s response to punishment is unpredictable. He goes on to quote John DiIulio, who explains that the money spent to put a criminal behind bars prevents two or three more from committing crime. Also, according to James Wilson, despite the expense involved in maintaining prisons, the benefits, in terms of crimes avoided, far outweigh the cost. The problem is that, even after 25 years as of his writing (and in fact, even to this very day), the vast amount of cash spent on prisons has done little to make violent crime respond consistently. And despite this, the American public still insists on the effectiveness of the penitentiary system. As an example, Currie cites the female inmates sentenced on the most minor of offenses, such as drug charges or property crimes connected to such dependencies – and how their imprisonment has left multitudes of children parentless. In this case the system fails to account for the greater costs involved: substitute care, welfare dependency, and even possible delinquency and/or drug addiction. Another more direct example is how the lack of serious vocational training in most prisons leads inmates to leave it even more ill-prepared for the

Sociological Principle of Language Teaching Essay Example for Free

Sociological Principle of Language Teaching Essay A theory of language based on J. L. Austins How to Do Things with Words (second edition, 1975), the major premise of which is that language is as much, if not more, a mode of action as it is a means of conveying information. As John Searle puts it, All linguistic communication involves linguistic acts. The unit of linguistic communication is not, as has generally been supposed, the symbol, word, or sentence, or even the token of the symbol, word, or sentence, but rather the production or issuance of the symbol or word or sentence in the performance of a speech act. Meaning, then, should be regarded as a species within the genus intending-tocommunicate, since language itself is highly complex, rule-governed intentional behavior. A theory of language is part of a theory of action. The basic emphasis of speech act theory is on what an utterer (U) means by his utterance (x) rather than what x means in a language (L). As H.P. Grice notes, meaning is a kind of intending, and the hearers or readers recognition that the speaker or writer means something by x is part of the meaning of x. In contrast to the assumptions of structuralism (a theory that privileges langue, the system, over parole, the speech act), speech act theory holds that the investigation of structure always presupposes something about meanings, language use, and extralinguistic functions In How to Do Things with Words, Austin commences by enunciating a reasonably clear-cut distinction between constative and performative utterances. According to him, an utterance is constative if it describes or reports some state of affairs such that one could say its correspondence with the facts is either true or false. Performatives, on the other hand, do not describe or report or constate anything at all, are no t true or false. . . . The uttering of the sentence is, or is part of. the doing of an action, which again would not normally be described as saying something. Marrying, betting, bequeathing, umpiring, passing sentence, christening, knighting, blessing, firing, baptizing, bidding, and so forth involve performatives. The attitude of the person performing the linguistic act his thoughts, feelings, or intentions is of paramount importance. Whereas the constative utterance is true or false, the performative utterance is felicitous or infelicitous, sincere or insincere, authentic or inauthentic, well invoked or misinvoked. An I do at a marriage ceremony is insincere and misinvoked if the utterer is already married and has no intention of abiding by the conditions of the contract. Austin divides the linguistic act into three componentsLocutionary Act: In linguistics and the philosophy of mind, a locutionary act is the performance of an utterance, and hence of a speech act. The term equally refers to the surface meaning of an utterance because, according to J. L. Austins posthumous How To Do Things With Words, a speech act should be analyzed as alocutionary act (i.e. the actual utterance and its ostensible meaning, comprising phonetic, phatic and rhetic acts corresponding to the verbal, syntactic and semantic aspects of any meaningful utterance), as well as an illocutionary act (the semantic illocutionary force of the utterance, thus its real, intended meaning), and in certain cases a further perlocutionary act (i.e. its actual effect, whether intended or not). For example, my saying to you Dont go into the water (a locutionary act with distinct phonetic, syntactic and semantic features) counts as warning you not to go into the water (an illocutionary act), and if you heed my warning I have thereby succeeded in persuading you not to go into the water (a perlocutionary act). This taxonomy of speech acts was inherited by John R. Searle, Austins pupil at Oxford and subsequently an influential exponent of speech act theory. Illocutionary Act: Illocutionary act is a term in linguistics introduced by John L. Austin in his investigation of the various aspects of speech acts. We may sum up Austins theory of speech acts with the following example. In uttering the locution Is there any salt? at the dinner table, one may thereby perform the illocutionary act of requesting salt, as well as the distinct locutionary act of uttering the interrogatory sentence about the presence of salt, and the further perlocutionary act of causing somebody to hand one the salt. The notion of an illocutionary act is closely connected with Austins doctrine of the socalled performative and constative utterances: an utterance is performative just in case it is issued in the course of the doing of an action (1975, 5), by which, again, Austin means the performance of an illocutionary act (Austin 1975, 6 n2, 133). According to Austins original exposition in How to Do Things With Words, an illocutionary act is an act (1) for the performance of which I must make it clear to some other person that the act is performed (Austin speaks of the securing of uptake), and (2) the performance of which involves the production of what Austin calls conventional consequences as, e.g., rights, commitments, or obligations (Austin 1975, 116f., 121, 139). Thus, for example, in order to make a promise I must make clear to my audience that the act I am performing is a promise, and in the performance of the act I will be undertaking an obligation to do the promised thing: so promising is an illocutionary act in the present sense. Since Austins death, the term has been defined differently by various authors. Perlocutionary Act: A perlocutionary act (or perlocutionary effect) is a speech act, as viewed at the level of its psychological consequences, such as persuading, convincing, scaring, enlightening, inspiring, or otherwise getting someone to do or realize something. This is contrasted with locutionary and illocutionary acts (which are other levels of description, rather than different types of speech acts). Unlike the notion of locutionary act, which describes the linguistic function of an utterance, a perlocutionary effect is in some sense external to the performance. It may be thought of, in a sense, as the effect of the illocutionary act via the locutionary act. Therefore, when examining perlocutionary acts, the effect on the hearer or reader is emphasized. As an example, consider the following utterance: By the way, I have a CD of Debussy; would you like to borrow it? Its illocutionary function is an offer, while its intended perlocutionary effect might be to impress the listener, or to show a friendly attitude, or to encourage an interest in a particular type of music. The Ethnography of communication (EOC) The Ethnography of communication (EOC) is a method of discourse analysis in linguistics, which draws on the anthropological field of ethnography. Unlike ethnography proper, though, it takes both language and culture to be constitutive as well as constructive. In their book Qualitative Communication Research Methods, communications scholars Thomas R. Lindlof and Bryan C. Taylor (2002) explain Ethnography of communication conceptualizes communication as a continuous flow of information, rather than as a segmented exchange of messages (p. 44). According to Deborah Cameron (2001), EOC can be thought of as the application of ethnographic methods to the communication patterns of a group. Littlejohn Foss (2005) recall that Dell Hymes suggests that â€Å"cultures communicate in different ways, but all forms of communication require a shared code, communicators who know and use the code, a channel, a setting, a message form, a topic, and an event created by transmission of the message (p. 3 12). EOC can be used as a means by which to study the interactions among members of a specific culture or, what Gerry Philipsen (1975) calls a speech community. Speech communities create and establish their own speaking codes/norms. Philipsen (1975) explains that â€Å"Each community has its own cultural values about speaking and these are linked to judgments of situational appropriateness† (p. 13). The meaning and understanding of the presence or absence of speech within different communities will vary. Local cultural patterns and norms must be understood for analysis and interpretation of the appropriateness of speech acts situated within specific communities. Thus, â€Å"the statement that talk is not anywhere valued equally in all social contexts suggests a research strategy for discovering and describing cultural or subcultural differences in the value of speaking. Speaking is one among other symbolic resources which are allocated and distributed in social situations according to distinctive culture patterns† (Philipsen, 1975, p. 21). General aims of this qualitative research method include: being able to discern which communication acts and/or codes are important to different groups, what types of meanings groups apply to different communication events, and how group members learn these codes provides insight into particular communities. This additional insight may be used to enhance communication with group members, make sense of group members’ decisions, and distinguish groups from one another, among other things. ECO studies, according to Lindlof and Taylor (2002), produce highly detailed analysis of communication cod es and their moment-to-moment functions in various contexts. In these analyses, speech communities are constituted in local and continuous performances of cultural and moral matters (p. 45). The innateness hypothesis The innateness hypothesis is a linguistic theory of language acquisition which holds that at least some linguistic knowledge exists in humans at birth. [1]Facts about the complexity of human language systems, the universality of language acquisition, the facility that children demonstrate in acquiring these systems, and the comparative performance of adults in attempting the same task are all commonly invoked in support. The idea that there may be an age by which this learning must be accomplished is known as the critical period hypothesis. Noam Chomsky is responsible for the innateness hypothesis. Hilary Putnam published a critique of the innateness hypothesis entitled The Innateness Hypothesis and Explanatory Models in Linguistics. Interlanguage Pragmatics The type of language (or linguistic system) used by second- and foreign-language learners who are in the process of learning a target language. Interlanguage pragmatics is the study of the ways in which nonnative speakers acquire, comprehend, and use linguistic patterns (or speech acts) in a second language. Interlanguage theory is generally credited to Larry Selinker, an American professor of applied linguistics, whose article Interlanguage appeared in the January 1972 issue of the journal International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching. Interference of Mother Tongue in the acquisition of second language The second language learning environment encompasses everything the language learner hears and sees in the new language. It may include a wide variety of situations such as exchanges in restaurants and stores, conversations with friends, reading street signs and newspapers, as well as classroom activities, or it may be very sparse, including only language classroom activities and a few books.Regardless of the learning environment, the learner’s goal is mastery of the target language. The learner begins the task of learning a second language from point zero (or close to it) and, through the steady accumulation of the mastered entities of the target language, eventually amasses them in quantities sufficient to constitute a particular level of proficiency (Dulay, Burt Krashen, 1982 and Ellis, 1984). This characterisation of language learning entails the successful mastery of steadily accumulating structural entities and organising this knowledge into coherent structures which lead to effective communication in the target language (Rutherford, 1987). If this is the case, then we would expect that well-formed accurate and complete target language structures would, one after another, emerge on the learner’s path towards eventual mastery of the language. If the learner went on to master the language, we could, in principle, tabulate the expansion of his/her repertoire up to the point where all of the well-formed structures of the target language had been accounted for (Beardsmore, 1982 and Hoffman, 1991). In reality this is not the case. Second language learners appear to accumulate structural entities of the target language but demonstrate difficulty in organising this knowledge into appropriate, coherent structures. There appears to be a significant gap between the accumulation and the organisation of the knowledge. This then raises a critical question what kinds of language do second language learners produce in speaking and writing? When writing or speaking the target language (L2), second language learners tend to rely on their native language (L1) structures to produce a response. If the structures of the two languages are distinctly different, then one could expect a relatively high frequency of errors to occur in L2, thus indicating an interference of L1 onL2 (Dechert, 1983 and Ellis, 1997). References ï‚ · ï‚ · http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_act http://books.google.com/books?hl=enlr=id=iJ3Y_wkkwa8Coi=fndpg=PR7dq=sociolo gical+principles+of+language+teachingots=FC11b_8K7Jsig=Rmp2yakmAdrsBi3Faoy19j _T7I#v=onepageq=so ï‚ · http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1052context=barbara_joh nstonese iredir=1referer=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Furl%3Fsa%3Dt%26rct%3Dj%26q %3Dethnography%2Bof%2Bcommunication%26source%3Dweb%26cd%3D2%26cad%3Dr ja%26ved%3D0CCoQFjAB%26url%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fworks.bepress.com%252F cgi%252Fviewcontent.cgi%253Farticle%253D1052%2526contex ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · http://ehlt.flinders.edu.au/education/iej/articles/v1n1/bhela/bhela.pdf http://www.academicjournals.org/AJPC/PDF/Pdf2009/Sept/Sinha%20et%20al.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-language_attrition#Interference_theory http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnography_of_communication http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utterance International Education Journal Vol 1, No 1, 1999(http://iej.cjb.net)

Essays --

Annotated Bibliography Agars, M. D. (2004). Reconsidering the Impact of Gender Stereotypes on the Advancement of Women in Organizations. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 28(2), 103-111. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2004.00127.x This article reveals the disparities in the workplace due to gender stereotypes favoring men over women in executive positions. Women have a much more difficult path to obtain executive positions, and maintain them. This article helps by showing the number of high-level women in fortune 500 companies. U.S. Department of Labor indicates that women occupy more positions in executive and managerial roles. However, with closer examination of Fortune 500 companies, only two women occupy the position of CEO opposed to their original statement of 45%. Gere, J., & Helwig, C. C. (2012). Young adults’ attitudes and reasoning about gender roles in The family context. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 36(3), 301313.doi:10.1177/0361684312444272 This study shows that even though the roles of men and women in society and the workplace have experienced a lot of change in the past few decades, there has been very little change in the family dynamic of men and women and the roles that society expects each to assume. The study wanted to examine the attitudes that women and men have about what their domestic responsibilities. When ask about supporting equal role divisions, women were more likely to base their reasoning on morality, and men were more likely to rely on what they believe to be socially accepted. In contrast, stereotypes regarding women’s roles, and social responsibility regarding men’s traditional roles were used to support the maintenance of traditional role divisions. Goswami, S., & Gupta, H. N. (2012). Percepti... ...ation over a five-year period to observe how minority ethnic women's workplace experiences differ from mainstream counterparts. The analysis results reveal the ongoing nature of multiple discriminations faced by minority ethnic women. Tachibana, C. (2012). Diversity: Promoting New Perspectives. Science, 337(6092), 367-370. doi:10.1126/science.opms.r1200120 The article looks at the importance of diversity in fields of science such as engineering, and mathematics careers as a way to activate innovation. We will use this article to help explain that it is important for the presence of women to be increase in male dominated fields. Also, the article urges the need for adequate child care for working mothers and the need to change some formal career requirements to accommodate female professionals who traditionally bear more of the responsibilities for child care.

Arthur Birling and inspector goole Essay

      Priestley shows this in the section after the inspector has left â€Å"I remember what he said, how he looked, how he made me feel. Fire and blood and anguish. † This shows the affect that he had on certain characters was very big. In his closing speech the Inspector left with a warning; â€Å"And I tell that the time will soon come when, if men will not learn that lesson, then they will be taught it in fire and blood and anguish. † This could be referring to the first world war, where men from all different backgrounds, and classes, would have to stand together, as equals, and fight for their country. This contradicts Mr Birling’s prediction at the start of Act 1; â€Å"Just because the Kaiser makes a few speeches†¦ The Germans don’t want war. Nobody wants war,† This shows the difference between the philosophies of the Inspector and Birling, it also demonstrates Priestley’s idea that Mr Birling’s capitalist views are wrong, and how the Inspector, who is right about war, is probably right about everything else. Priestley uses this to show the benefits a socialist society would bring to the world. Priestley is suggesting that Birling’s â€Å"every man for himself† idea will end in tragedies like Eva. Whereas the Inspector’s Philosophy of shared responsibility would avoid such terrible events. The experience of the Inspector’s questions changes some characters, but has no effect on others. It starts off with all of the family sitting down feeling no guilt whatsoever, but after the Inspector comes Eric and Sheila realise the seriousness of what they have done, whilst the others, at this point believing it is a practical joke, feel no guilt. What Mr and Mrs Birling and Gerald didn’t seem to understand is that even if it wasn’t the same girl (and no one was sure if it was or not) that they still did these cruel actions, and millions of other people do similar things without knowing the consequences, many young men and women will come to a similar end. Another point to the structure of the play is that the inspector only reveals small parts of Eva’s story to certain characters, never letting more than one person see the photograph at once. This gives the twist at the end more mystery. The Inspector affected different characters differently, depending on how much they understand what was going on in the world at that point in time. Mr Birling was affected slightly at the start, but being a weak character, and because of his wife’s superior class always follows her lead. Therefore after watching his wife’s interrogation, and seeing the way she refused to give in to the Inspector, and not feel guilty about what she has done, he follows suit. He and Mrs Birling were the least affected characters, in the end, possibly because they didn’t understand what life would have been like for Eva Smith without all the things they did to her. Gerald felt very guilty at first, because he had feelings for her, but then he went for a walk and didn’t feel as guilty anymore. This is probably because Gerald has grown up used to money, and inherited his parent’s capitalist views. Eric and Sheila were most affected by the Inspector, especially his final words, this is shown when Sheila repeats them â€Å"Fire and blood and aguish. † Sheila and Eric understand most about what goes on in the world, this is demonstrated early on † but what about war? † and when Sheila knows about Eric’s drinking problem. They understand more that this sort of thing can happen to people, and these small actions can lead people to commit suicide, this is probably why the inspector affected them more. After watching the play, the audience can interpret the character of Inspector Goole in many different ways. You could think of him just as a normal man, who, having heard of the Birling family’s selfish acts, wishes to help them change for the better. Or he could be a conscience to make them feel guilty about what they’ve done, and stop distancing themselves from the working class. He could also be the ghost of Eva Smith in another form to make them pay for what they’ve done. His surname also indicates this as it is a homonym of ghoul, another word for ghost. I conclude that Birling represents the views of capitalists and the inspector represents the views of socialists. Priestley makes Birling a weak, unintelligent, ignorant and Selfish character who rambles on a bit and desperate to fit in with the higher class that he follows his wife’s lead. Sybil seems to guide her husband, Telling him what he should or shouldn’t say, this is made evident when she disapproves with him saying: â€Å"Good dinner too – Sybil tell cook for me. † Mrs Birling would disapprove because saying what good food it was, wasn’t considered a polite thing because it is like fishing for compliments from Gerald. She doesn’t like him saying tell cook for me because it implies they talk to their servants, which wouldn’t have been done in those days. Birling also copies Gerald’s father’s (his social superior) choice of wine, to make Gerald think that he is marrying into a family with as much money as his. In contrast, Priestley makes the inspector appear as a person who speaks carefully, is intelligent, knows what is going on in the world, is very strong and comes across as a kinder, selfless person; Priestley uses this to make the audience think that a socialist society will provide a fairer, more just solution to the world’s problems.

Linguistics writing Essay

Literacy is the ability to read and write[1]. The inability to do so is called illiteracy or analphabetism. Visual literacy includes in addition the ability to understand visual forms of communication such as body language,[2] pictures, maps, and video. Evolving definitions of literacy often include all the symbol systems relevant to a particular community. Literacy encompasses a complex set of abilities to understand and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture for personal and community development. In a technological society, the concept of literacy is expanding to include the media and electronic text, in addition to alphabetic and number systems. These abilities vary in different social and cultural contexts according to need, demand and education. The primary sense of literacy still represents the lifelong, intellectual process of gaining meaning from a critical interpretation of the written or printed text. Key to all literacy is reading development, a progression of skills that begins with the ability to understand spoken words and decode written words, and culminates in the deep understanding of text. Reading development involves a range of complex language underpinnings including awareness of speech sounds (phonology), spelling patterns (orthography), word meaning (semantics), grammar (syntax) and patterns of word formation (morphology), all of which provide a necessary platform for reading fluency and comprehension. Once these skills are acquired the reader can attain full language literacy, which includes the abilities to approach printed material with critical analysis, inference and synthesis; to write with accuracy and coherence; and to use information and insights from text as the basis for informed decisions and creative thought. [3] The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines literacy as the â€Å"ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in their community and wider society. â€Å"[4]Literacy is the ability to read and write[1]. The inability to do so is called illiteracy or analphabetism. Visual literacy includes in addition the ability to understand visual forms of communication such as body language,[2] pictures, maps, and video. Evolving definitions of literacy often include all the symbol systems relevant to a particular community. Literacy encompasses a complex set of abilities to understand and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture for personal and community development. In a technological society, the concept of literacy is expanding to include the media and electronic text, in addition to alphabetic and number systems. These abilities vary in different social and cultural contexts according to need, demand and education. The primary sense of literacy still represents the lifelong, intellectual process of gaining meaning from a critical interpretation of the written or printed text. Key to all literacy is reading development, a progression of skills that begins with the ability to understand spoken words and decode written words, and culminates in the deep understanding of text. Reading development involves a range of complex language underpinnings including awareness of speech sounds (phonology), spelling patterns (orthography), word meaning (semantics), grammar (syntax) and patterns of word formation (morphology), all of which provide a necessary platform for reading fluency and comprehension. Once these skills are acquired the reader can attain full language literacy, which includes the abilities to approach printed material with critical analysis, inference and synthesis; to write with accuracy and coherence; and to use information and insights from text as the basis for informed decisions and creative thought. [3] The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines literacy as the â€Å"ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in their community and wider society. â€Å"[4] Literacy is the ability to read and write[1]. The inability to do so is called illiteracy or analphabetism. Visual literacy includes in addition the ability to understand visual forms of communication such as body language,[2] pictures, maps, and video. Evolving definitions of literacy often include all the symbol systems relevant to a particular community. Literacy encompasses a complex set of abilities to understand and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture for personal and community development. In a technological society, the concept of literacy is expanding to include the media and electronic text, in addition to alphabetic and number systems. These abilities vary in different social and cultural contexts according to need, demand and education. The primary sense of literacy still represents the lifelong, intellectual process of gaining meaning from a critical interpretation of the written or printed text. Key to all literacy is reading development, a progression of skills that begins with the ability to understand spoken words and decode written words, and culminates in the deep understanding of text. Reading development involves a range of complex language underpinnings including awareness of speech sounds (phonology), spelling patterns (orthography), word meaning (semantics), grammar (syntax) and patterns of word formation (morphology), all of which provide a necessary platform for reading fluency and comprehension. Once these skills are acquired the reader can attain full language literacy, which includes the abilities to approach printed material with critical analysis, inference and synthesis; to write with accuracy and coherence; and to use information and insights from text as the basis for informed decisions and creative thought. [3] The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines literacy as the â€Å"ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in their community and wider society. â€Å"[4] Literacy is the ability to read and write[1]. The inability to do so is called illiteracy or analphabetism. Visual literacy includes in addition the ability to understand visual forms of communication such as body language,[2] pictures, maps, and video. Evolving definitions of literacy often include all the symbol systems relevant to a particular community. Literacy encompasses a complex set of abilities to understand and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture for personal and community development. In a technological society, the concept of literacy is expanding to include the media and electronic text, in addition to alphabetic and number systems. These abilities vary in different social and cultural contexts according to need, demand and education. The primary sense of literacy still represents the lifelong, intellectual process of gaining meaning from a critical interpretation of the written or printed text. Key to all literacy is reading development, a progression of skills that begins with the ability to understand spoken words and decode written words, and culminates in the deep understanding of text. Reading development involves a range of complex language underpinnings including awareness of speech sounds (phonology), spelling patterns (orthography), word meaning (semantics), grammar (syntax) and patterns of word formation (morphology), all of which provide a necessary platform for reading fluency and comprehension. Once these skills are acquired the reader can attain full language literacy, which includes the abilities to approach printed material with critical analysis, inference and synthesis; to write with accuracy and coherence; and to use information and insights from text as the basis for informed decisions and creative thought. [3] The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines literacy as the â€Å"ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in their community and wider society. â€Å"[4]

Free Essays on Homers Iliad

So it is this taking of Helen inspired by a divine beauty contest, that brings the men of Achaea to the city of Troy across the Aegean. King Agamemnon, brother of Menelaus, both sons of Atrides, is the leader of the Argive forces because he controlled the most troops commanded by any other individual Achaean leader. Agamemnon is from the great bronze age city of Mycenae. It has been estimated that the Argive forces were comprised of about 1000 ships, sailing across the seas from Aulis! The battle on this, the first day of battle that we see in Homer's Iliad, begins with a "council of gods", during which the gods consent to inspire the Argive fighters to rise up and fight! Agamemnon recieves a dream, winged to him by the most powerful immortal Zeus. The dream arrives in the form of Nestor, the wise king of Pylos. Zeus has the dream tell Agamemnon that he should attack tomorrow, and that if they do they will be able to easily take the streets and walls of Priam's city. Early in the morning, the head Argive leader began to speak to the highest kinds and other leaders in order about his plan to attack, and as he thinks, win Troy. Before telling the men straight-forwardly what he has in mind, Agamemnon tests the entire fleet of ships from all the Argives. Eventually Agamemnon manages to get all his forces from Greece lined up, ready from Greece lived up, ready to face the equally preparing Trojans, rallying their troops after seeing the Achaeans moving into place. The armies quickly march to front each other, and the beauty of Troy, Paris, came forth from the lines of Trojans to challenge any Achaean man to do battle with him. Menelaus quickly accepted the chance to get at his rival, whom was one of the main causes and impetuses for the Trojan War to be fought. In a sense this battle between Paris and Menelaus is a microcosm of why the Trojan War is being fought, and between the two different foes. This opens our eyes even clearer to t... Free Essays on Homer's Iliad Free Essays on Homer's Iliad So it is this taking of Helen inspired by a divine beauty contest, that brings the men of Achaea to the city of Troy across the Aegean. King Agamemnon, brother of Menelaus, both sons of Atrides, is the leader of the Argive forces because he controlled the most troops commanded by any other individual Achaean leader. Agamemnon is from the great bronze age city of Mycenae. It has been estimated that the Argive forces were comprised of about 1000 ships, sailing across the seas from Aulis! The battle on this, the first day of battle that we see in Homer's Iliad, begins with a "council of gods", during which the gods consent to inspire the Argive fighters to rise up and fight! Agamemnon recieves a dream, winged to him by the most powerful immortal Zeus. The dream arrives in the form of Nestor, the wise king of Pylos. Zeus has the dream tell Agamemnon that he should attack tomorrow, and that if they do they will be able to easily take the streets and walls of Priam's city. Early in the morning, the head Argive leader began to speak to the highest kinds and other leaders in order about his plan to attack, and as he thinks, win Troy. Before telling the men straight-forwardly what he has in mind, Agamemnon tests the entire fleet of ships from all the Argives. Eventually Agamemnon manages to get all his forces from Greece lined up, ready from Greece lived up, ready to face the equally preparing Trojans, rallying their troops after seeing the Achaeans moving into place. The armies quickly march to front each other, and the beauty of Troy, Paris, came forth from the lines of Trojans to challenge any Achaean man to do battle with him. Menelaus quickly accepted the chance to get at his rival, whom was one of the main causes and impetuses for the Trojan War to be fought. In a sense this battle between Paris and Menelaus is a microcosm of why the Trojan War is being fought, and between the two different foes. This opens our eyes even clearer to t...

How to Use the Casual French Term Sympa

How to Use the Casual French Term Sympa Most people in France use the casual adjective sympa  (pronounced sam  pa) to mean nice when theyre describing a person or thing that they like. Its a very versatile word and can be used to express general affection for places, objects, and ideas or concepts in addition to people you know. French speakers also use sympa to mean pleasant, friendly, and good. Expressions and Usage There are any number of ways you can use sympa in everyday conversation. For instance: super sympa very niceavoir lair sympa to look kindElle est trà ¨s sympa. Shes a really nice person.Cest un type sympa. Hes a nice guy.   Cest un type  vraiment sympa. Hes a really nice guy.Il nest vraiment pas sympa.  Ã‚  Hes not very nice at all.type sympa, mec  sympa,  chic type, mec bien (very colloquial) nice guyMerci, cest sympa. Thanks, I appreciate it.   Ãƒâ€¡a va  Ãƒ ªtre  sympa. Thatll be nice.   Ton copain est super sympa ! Your boyfriend is really nice!Elle nest vraiment pas sympa. Shes not very nice at all.sympa, amusant,  drà ´le,  marant funAllez, sois sympa. Go on, be a sport.un coin sympa pour pique-niquer a nice spot for a picnicCeci est une touche trà ¨s  sympa.   This is a really  nice  touch.Ce nest pas trà ¨s  sympa  mais, aprà ¨s tout, on devait trouver une solution. Thats not very nice, but, after all, we had to find a solution.C’à ©tait aussi trà ¨s  sympa  de rencontrer plein d’autres co llà ¨gues de diffà ©rents pays. It was also very nice to see a lot of my colleagues from different countries. Peter,  sympa  mais avec grande gueule... Peter is a nice guy but he has a big mouth.Gà ©niale ! C’à ©tait  sympa  et enrichissant la fois. It was great! Fun and enriching at the same time.

Quality of service in WiMAX Based Broadband Wireless Netwoks Essay

Quality of service in WiMAX Based Broadband Wireless Netwoks - Essay Example IEEE 802.16/WiMAX-based broadband and mobile wireless access is expected to be a significant component in the next generation (e.g., beyond 3G, 4G) wireless systems (Hossain 1). There is a clear shift from telephony to data transfer in wireless networks. In this scenario WiMAX technologies and solutions are poised to play a major role in broadband Internet access and other form of connectivity. The technology is in its early development phase and there is a widespread research and consultation is going on this field. The issues of quality of service (QoS) are becoming more demanding with the growing demand of the rich media of smartphones and high end gadgets. Users are now more concerned with the QoS of the services with increasing capacity and reach of wireless technologies. IEEE 802.16/WiMAX standard, which incorporates several advanced radio transmission technologies such as orthogonal-frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), adaptive modulation and coding, and adaptive forward error correction (FEC), is designed to provide broadband wireless capability using a well-defined quality-of-service (QoS) framework. Though, the adoption of technology is still very limited due to cost ... This paper will discuss the current evolutions going on in the field of WiMAX technologies and issues related to quality of service issues in WiMAX Based Broadband Wireless Netwoks along with its, its forms, and the status of its standardization. A specification of the selected topic and the motivation behind this selection WiMAX and WiMAX-based broadband wireless network offer an alternative to existing wireless and mobile communication technologies. Due to mounting demand for higher bandwidth and better QoS, WiMAX technology has became a subject of intense research and debate among researchers and academicians. In this context the selection of the topic "Quality of Service in WiMAX-Based Broadband Wireless Networks" as a subject of this paper is quite contemporary and may act as a part of ongoing debate over the technology. Existing protocols and solutions IEEE's 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee is almost anonymous with a wireless standards body. IEEE 802.11 set of standards developed by this committee provide a basis for wireless local area network (WLAN) communications. The IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee established a working group in 1999 for the development of standards specific to Broadband Wireless Access. IEEE 802.16 Working Group on Broadband Wireless Access Standards, as it is known, is responsible for laying down formal standard specifications for broadband wireless MAN/WAN networks. Since the first 802.16 standard was approved in December 2001, three working groups have been involved for developing standards; the group IEEE 802.16.1 is responsible for creating standards for air interfaces in range of 10 to 66 GHz, known as Local Multipoint Distribution Service, group IEEE

Cross Cultural Awareness for the International Manager Essay - 1

Cross Cultural Awareness for the International Manager - Essay Example This report assesses the operations of Muffin King Ltd, an international chain of bakery outlets that is fast expanding in the global market. The key objective of the report is to propose business strategies based on a high level of awareness and close insight of cross cultural differences among different international markets, which will yield the business a competitive advantage. Achieving business competitiveness in today’s highly competitive globalised scenario is no longer possible through traditional success factors such as low production costs, high productivity and shorter lead-times, which have now become prerequisites to stay in business. Neither can global players in the market offer standardised product offers or implement standardised work processes and human resource management (HRM) practices across different nations in which they operate. Companies today have realised that to succeed in the global market place, a high level of awareness and a deep insight is required of the cross- cultural differences existing across the world (Broek 2005). These cross-cultural dimensions are a source of competitive advantage if understood and exploited to the company’s advantage. As global multinationals such as Ecare the Swedish furniture marketer, the MTV Broadcasting Company or MacDonald have realised, companies need to change and adopt their products and business practices to suit different cultural dimensions in order to stay competitive (Hill 2003). This report aims at evaluating the business operations of â€Å"Muffin King Ltd.† a UK based international chain of bakery outlets, and make recommendations which will exploit the sources of competitive advantages in the sphere of cross -cultural differences. â€Å"Muffin King Ltd.† is a UK based retail chain of bakery outlets, which has recently expanded to the

Exploring Another Ethnicity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Exploring Another Ethnicity - Essay Example The distinct ethnic groups have diverse attitudes, rituals, actions, religious traits, and cultural beliefs. As such, ethnicity plays a big role in the American society although the American society rarely defines people according to their ethnic groups (O'Neil Web). My Ethnicity is both Arab and Hispanic. This paper seeks to address another ethnic group that I do not belong. In this case, I will address the Indian American ethnic group as part of the America society. To achieve this, I will describe rituals, actions, religious aspects, cultures, and morals of an Indian American wedding that I attended. Indeed, it was my first time to attend an Indian American wedding and the entire event was culturally strange, informing, and somehow entertaining to me. Notably, most Indian American is Hindus and as such, the wedding ceremony was in a Hindu setting unlike my normal Muslim setting. My Feelings in an Indian American Wedding Ceremony Actually, the whole setting was completely new to me and although I had previously heard of the uniqueness of the Indian weddings, I have never been a witness. As such, I had much anxiety that derived mixed feelings as the reality of the wedding came to me. To some extent, I had expectations that any wedding must derive a lot of fun but was equally aware that the difference in cultures would deny me such fun, as it would be challenging to follow the proceedings of the ceremony. The different rituals and cultural dimensions that the wedding to me. More so, the Hindu religion aspects and even the language in application created loneliness and a feeling of isolation during the wedding. Indeed, everybody was in a joyous mood and I equally tried to adapt to the celebratory mood but I could rarely understand the various procedures adopted in the ceremony. However, with the help of my Indian friend, I would manage to glimpse and understand some happenings in the Indian American wedding. My Feelings in an Indian and an African American Event This situation was somehow similar to an African American wedding ceremony that I attended in a Christian setting. Indeed, the feeling of isolation of the real time happenings was still eminent in that Christian setting. Indeed, the Christian and the Hindu religion are quite new to me as I profess the Muslim religion. Moreover, the Indian and the black American traditions, rituals, and traditions are different from the Hispanic and Arabic. As such, my earlier situation was significantly similar to the reference situation where I attended the wedding ceremony in an Indian cultural setting. In both instances, I would struggle to understand the language in application, the rituals, and the cultures as seen in their dressing and code of conduct. Influence of Group Membership, Race, and Personality in Interpretation My group membership, race, and personal attributes are however fundamental in interpreting the situation. Actually, the members in our group include people from different et hnic groups and hence I have lived to embrace cultural diversity. As such, I can interpret that any wedding creates a source of joy and is of cultural importance to any ethnic group. Therefore, I interpret that the wedding ceremony in the Indian America setting is important to their culture. On the other hand, my race accommodates cultural diversity and respects other cultures and their traditions. Hence, my race helps me to deduce the importance of such a wedding

Prettie Brianna Essay Example for Free

Prettie Brianna Essay Name_______________________________________________Date_____________________________ 1. Show the social classes in ancient China from most important (top) to least important (bottom). 2. Why did the amount of land owned by each aristocrat decrease over time? Each aristocrat divided his land among his sons so each generation owned a smaller fraction of the original land 3. How did farmers in ancient China increase the amount of productive farmland? They built terraces into the mountain slopes 4. What three (3) farming methods helped farmers in ancient China grow more food? a. Terrace farming b. irrigation c. pest control 5. How do you write the number 328 using the Chinese numbering system? ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. What is the English number for ? ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. Which philosophy encourages followers to concentrate on duty and humanity? Confucianism 8. Which of ancient Chinese philosophers do you think would be most popular in the world today? Explain why you chose this philosopher. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Why did Hanfeizi believe that people needed laws and punishments? To force them to do their duty 10. Describe the concept of filial piety? Family members placed the needs of the head of the family above their own 11. Why did many aristocrats favor the philosophy of Legalism? It emphasized force and power and did not require leaders to show kindness or understanding to their subjects 12. Compare the three main classes of Chinese society Chinese Society| Aristocrats| Farmers| Merchants| Land owners and nobles| Paid aristocrats for their land use | Provided goods and services to landowners| Upper class| Middle class | Lowest class| 13. How did Daoism differ from Confucianism? Confucianism encouraged people to work hard to improve the world while Daoism taught that people should give up their concerns about the world and seek inner peace Supposed you could interview Confucius about his concept of duty. Write five questions (Q) you might ask him about the subject. Also include how he might answer (A) 14. Q__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Ballad of Birmingham by Dudley Randall Essay -- Analysis Ballad Birmin

Ballad of Birmingham by Dudley Randall In 'Ballad of Birmingham,' Dudley Randall illustrates a conflict between a child who wishes to march for civil rights and a mother who wishes only to protect her child. Much of this poem is read as dialogue between a mother and a child, a style which gives it an intimate tone and provides insight to the feelings of the characters. Throughout the poem the child is eager to go into Birmingham and march for freedom with the people there. The mother, on the other hand, is very adamant that the child should not go because it is dangerous. It is obvious that the child is concerned about the events surrounding the march and wants to be part of the movement. The child expresses these feelings in a way the appears mature and cognizant of the surrounding world, expressing a desire to support the civil rights movement rather than to ?go out and play.? The desire to no longer be seen as a child and have her voice heard by those being marched against and by her mother (who can also be seen as an oppressive form of authority in this poem) is expressed by the first few lines. The opinion of the child is much like that of all young people who want to fight for their freedom. The mother, however, refuses to acknowledge the child as anything but a child is a major conflict in this poem. Because she refers to her as ?child? and calls her ?baby,? it is clear that the mother does not take the child?s pleas seriously. The mother is certain that she kn...

Thoughts on Love Dating and Marriage

There are many different thoughts about dating, love and marriage. I had the pleasure of interviewing six co-workers from different lifestyle regarding their views on these matters. I will compare their thoughts with the theories of love and attachment. The social science theories that help us understand the components and processes of love include attachment theory, Reiss’s wheel theory of love, Sternberg’s triangular theory of love, Lee’s research on the styles of loving, and exchange theories. Many people perceive marriage as an important occasion in their lives, while others take marriage for granted and not that serious. Do people just hate each other after a while? What happens when the vows are in place, do people get too relax into their real selves? Or is it just unrealistic today? Dan a Gay Caucasian 43 yr. old male feels that marriage is fading away. He doesn’t know if people understand what they are entering into, rather it is love or lust. Dan feels that these idealistic dreams often sweep people off of their feet and then in a few years or less – Reality Hits – Ouch! Marriage is no longer a bringing together of a family, business or wealth. † It is actually based on this strange concept called love and with the concept of family to some people. Families are not the stable, strong and the dominant group that is shaping the young. â€Å"Families are unstable and weak however bonds are weaker. † As far as Gay marriages goes Dan fee ls that it should be legal and that it should not be called or treated and different than a marriage. Even though the church doesn’t rule the populace anymore Dan feels that marriage should be a legal coupling and not a religious coupling. Then he yelled â€Å"WHY DON’T PEOPLE STOP SAYING MARRIAGE IS SOME SACRED INSTITUTION THAT CANNOT BE DARKENED BY THE EVIL GAYS. WITH THE DIVORCE RATE THAT WE HAVE, the agreement that marriage is some sacred institution just rings hollow. Dan feels that an arranged marriage seems to last longer than marriage of choice and that people seem to grow to love each other that are put together by religion or family. However he will never support the mandating of an arranged marriage. Dan was heartbroken over premarital sex due to people not being responsible and protecting themselves. It saddened him to think about the many unwanted babies and the quantity of single mothers that we have in the economy today. These children and mothers are really being robbed of the American Dream. Dan believes that some people can find love on the internet the same way that his mom found her soul mate there. He believes that everyone should be happy. Next I interviewed three Caucasian women, Marcie a29yr old woman divorced once and remarried again with one child by the second marriage. Nikki, divorce twice and she is single mother of two with one child that diagnosed as being autistic. Then there is Kaitlyn a 22yr old white bisexual lady. Even though these women came from different beliefs and lifestyles their opinions on these issues were pretty much the same. They believe that choosing a lover, a husband and a partner is based on one’s personality and the way that they were raised. All three believes that people should live together before getting married. Nikki and Marcie do not believe in open marriages and feels that an open marriage allows each other to cheat and be with someone else. Kaitlyn on the other hand feel that an individual can love more than one person. She is all for open marriages. It’s funny, but all three women have found their recent husband or lover on the internet. They seem to be happy and would recommend internet dating to their friends. Marcie and Kaitlyn believe in premarital sex while Nikki is still deep-rooted by some of her family beliefs which are not to have sex until married. As you can see love is beyond constraints in these women lives. Last but not least there is Craig and Shon. Craig is a 52yr old Caucasian male and Shon is a 40year old African American. Both men were married and are now divorce with children in their twenties. Soon these men will be moving in with their girlfriend of three years. Even though open marriages are not for them, Craig believes in â€Å"What floats your boat. † While Shon showed a little jealously about the situation. He feels that people should not play with emotions because when he is with someone he is with that person. In these men lives, they believe that marriage is the act of a physical union. They have free choice over arranged marriages even if cultural differences play a role in certain marriages. They support two people who have a bond to be able to have their marriage recognized by the state and church. In their eyes Gay marriages is a civil rights movement and have no complaints about a person who wants to stay single. It’s your choice and whatever floats your boat. Just live life and be happy. Even though I have not talked about the theories one on one in this report one can see that all theories applied to every person that was interviewed. However I will explain each theory the way that our text clarified it. Attachment theory proposes that our primary motivation in life is to be connected with other people because this is the only true security we will ever have. The Attachment theory comes in three different styles. * Secure style: I find it easy to get close to others and am comfortable depending on them and having them depends on me. I don’t often worry about being abandoned or about someone get-ting too close to me. * Avoidant style: I am somewhat uncomfortable being close to others; I find it difficult to trust them completely and to depend on them. I am nervous when anyone gets too close and when lovers want me to be more intimate than I feel comfortable being. Anxious/ ambivalent style: Others are reluctant to get as close as I would like. I often worry that my partner doesn’t really love me or won’t want to stay with me. I want to merge completely with another person, and this desire sometimes scares people away. Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love According to Sternberg, the mix of intimacy, passion, and commitment can vary from one relation-ship to another. Relationships thus range from nonlove, in which all three components are absent, to consummate love, in which all the elements are present. Intimacy encompasses feelings of closeness, connectedness, and bonding. * Passion leads to romance, physical attraction, and sexual consummation. * Decision/ commitment have a short- and a long-term dimension. In the short term, partners make a decision to love each other; in the long term, they make a commitment to maintain that love over time. Lee’s Styles of Loving According to Lee, there are six basic styles of loving: Eros, mania, ludus, storge, agape, and pragma, all of which overlap and may vary in intensity * Eros means love of beauty. Because it is also characterized by powerful physical attraction, eros epitomizes â€Å"love at first sight. † This is the kind of love, often described in romance novels, in which the lovers experience palpitations, light-headedness, and intense emotional desire. Erotic lovers want to know everything about each other— what she or he dreamed about last night and what happened on the way to work today. They often like to wear matching T- shirts and matching colors, to order the same foods when dining out, and to be identified with each other as totally as possible. MANIA Characterized by obsessiveness, jealousy, possessiveness, and intense dependency, mania may be expressed as anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite, headaches, and even suicide because of real or imagined rejection by the desired person. Manic lovers are consumed by thoughts of their beloved and have an insatiable need for attention and signs of affection. Mania is often associated with low self- es teem and a poor self- concept. As a result, manic people typically are not attractive to individuals who have a strong self- concept and high self- esteem. LUDUS is carefree and casual love that is considered â€Å"fun and games. † Ludic lovers often have several partners at one time and are not possessive or jealous, primarily because they don’t want their lovers to become dependent on them. Ludic lovers have sex for fun, not emotional rapport. In their sexual encounters, they are typically self- centered and may be exploitative because they do not want commitment, which they consider â€Å"scary. † * STORGE is a slow-burning, peaceful, and affectionate love that comes with the passage of time and the enjoyment of shared activities. Storgic relationships lack the ecstatic highs and lows that characterize some other styles. Sociologist Ira Reiss and his associates proposed a â€Å"wheel theory† of love that generated much research for several decades. Reiss described four stages of love: rapport, self- revelation, mutual dependency, and personality need fulfillment. In the first stage, partners establish rapport based on cultural backgrounds with similar upbringing, social class, religion, and educational level. Without this rapport, according to Reiss, would- be lovers do not have enough in common to establish an initial interest. In the second stage, self- revelation brings the couple closer together. Because each person feels more at ease in the relationship, she or he is more likely to discuss hopes, desires, fears, and ambitions and to engage in sexual activities. In the third stage, as the couple becomes more intimate, the partners’ mutual dependency in-creases: They exchange ideas, jokes, and sexual desires. In the fourth and final stage, the couple experiences personality need fulfillment. The partners confide in each other, make mutual decisions, support each other’s ambitions, and bolster each other’s self- confidence. Like spokes on a wheel, these stages can turn many times that is, they can be repeated. For example, partners build some rapport, and then reveal bits of them, then build more rapport, then begin to exchange ideas, and so on. The spokes may keep turning to produce a deep and lasting relationship. Or, during a fleeting romance, the wheel may stop after a few turns. Information taken from Marriages & Families: Changes, Choices, and Constraints, Seventh Edition by Nijole V. Benokraitis My personal interviews with Nikki, Dan, Craig, Shon, Marcie and Kaitlyn.